Abstract Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito, which results in infection of the red blood cell. Malaria is a protozoal disease caused…

Abstract Vulvitis and vaginitis is defined as a spectrum of conditions that cause vulval and/or vaginal symptoms. Candida is the most common cause of vulvovaginal complaints for which women seek…

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and is believed to be nearly as old as human history. Tuberculosis remains the most common cause…

Abstract Termination is ending of a pregnancy by removing a fetus or embryo before it can survive outside the uterus. The legality of abortion/termination of pregnancy varies worldwide. When allowed by law, it is considered as one of the…

Abstract Appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency during pregnancy. It accounts for 25 per cent of surgeries for non-obstetric causes. The incidence is around 1/766 live births. Although it…

Abstract Urinary tract infection (UTI) is more common during pregnancy because the hormonal and mechanical changes in the urinary tract make women more vulnerable starting from 6 weeks through 24 weeks….

Abstract In the general population, Listeria infection is relatively uncommon, with a prevalence of approximately 4 per million in Canada, 0.27 per million in the USA and between 0.1 and…

Abstract Pregnant women are generally healthy but, as with non-pregnant women, are at risk of developing some infections. Some of these may be exacerbated by pregnancy and some are specific…

Abstract According to research led by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, out of the 410 000 cases of GBS detected globally every year, 147 000 end in…

Abstract Chlamydia trachomatis genitourinary infection is a sexually transmitted infection affecting the uterus, the salpinges, the cervix, the urethra and the epididymis. The infection is the most commonly reported bacterial…