Abstract Couple infertility is gradually increasing, and couples unable to conceive naturally are dependent on assisted reproductive techniques (ART). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) bypasses the natural selection process of sperm…
Abstract Human sperm cryopreservation is a highly desirable technique for preserving fertility potential and future use in couples desiring to have a biological child. Slow cryopreservation of sperm has been…
Abstract This chapter covers topics including: (1) timing of sperm retrieval, particularly whether or not it should be performed in conjunction with oocyte retrieval from the female partner; (2) processing…
Abstract Patients with azoospermia were once considered to be infertile, with few treatment options. A number of sperm retrieval methods have been developed to obtain spermatozoa from the epididymis and…
Abstract Extensive research has been conducted in search of factors that can predict the likelihood of successful testicular sperm retrieval in nonobstructive azoospermia patients. Clinical factors such as patient age,…
Abstract Sperm retrieval and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has become the natural treatment for couples with azoospermia-related infertility, and nowadays is also used for nonazoospermic indications. An increasing body of…
Abstract There is a complex interplay between male sexual dysfunction and male factor infertility, including ejaculatory dysfunctions which are the most common male sexual dysfunction. It is divided into four…
Abstract Azoospermia is diagnosed in approximately 1 percent of the general population and in up to 15 percent of infertile men. Of these men, 15–20 percent can be further categorized…
Abstract The development of surgical sperm retrieval procedures can be considered as the single most important breakthrough in the field of male infertility. Various testicular sperm retrieval procedures exist and…
Abstract Early attempts at surgical sperm retrieval focused on creating artificial spermatoceles in men with vas aplasia or uncorrectable obstructive azoospermia. The collected sperm was used for intrauterine insemination, and…
