Historic perspectives The earliest evidence of gynecologic fistula dates back millennia, to Queen Henhenit, one of the wives of King Mentuhotep II of Egypt (11th Dynasty, c. 2050 bc). In…

Introduction For years, investigators who described their experience with urethral diverticula stated that more general awareness of this condition must prevail to improve its identification. Urethral diverticula can be difficult…

Overactive bladder syndrome Overactive bladder (OAB) is a symptom syndrome defined as urinary urgency, with or without urgency incontinence, usually with urinary frequency and nocturia, and in the absence of…

Introduction Full-thickness rectal prolapse is a benign but debilitating condition involving full-thickness descent of the rectum through the anal canal ( Fig. 30.1 ). It is important to distinguish full-thickness…

Introduction Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterized by urinary urgency, with or without urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), usually with increased daytime frequency and nocturia, if there is no proven infection or…

Introduction Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a heterogeneous and symptom-based condition marked by bladder or urethral pain and associated lower urinary tract symptoms, especially urinary frequency and urgency, in…

Introduction Outcome measures are the tools used to determine the efficacy, safety, and side effects of a treatment. Researchers assess outcome measures before and after treatments to determine their relative…

Introduction Patients who undergo surgery for urinary incontinence or pelvic organ prolapse may require catheterization postoperatively because of voiding difficulty. Patients with neurogenic bladder, dysfunctional voiding, or intractable incontinence may…

This chapter discusses the evaluation, prevention, and management of many complications commonly associated with pelvic reconstructive surgery. Of note, it does not include a discussion of the evaluation and management…

Introduction Although anterior vaginal prolapse is most common, loss of apical support is usually present in women with prolapse that extends beyond the hymen. There is growing recognition that adequate…