Background Umbilical cord arterial and venous blood gas values reflect the acid-base balance status of a newborn at birth. Derangement in these values has been linked to poor neonatal outcomes…

Background Preterm birth is the largest single cause of infant death in the United States. A cervical length of <2.5 cm, measured in the mid-trimester, has been shown to identify…

Background Preeclampsia presents a highly prevalent burden on pregnant women with an estimated incidence of 2% to 5%. Preeclampsia increases the maternal risk of death 20-fold and is one of…

Background Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular changes neonatally. However, the underlying pathways are poorly understood, and it is not clear whether the dysfunction is…

Background Historically, prenatal screening has focused primarily on the detection of fetal aneuploidies. Cell-free DNA now enables noninvasive screening for subchromosomal copy number variants, including 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (or DiGeorge…

Background Spontaneous preterm birth remains the main driver of childhood morbidity and mortality. Because of an incomplete understanding of the molecular pathways that result in spontaneous preterm birth, accurate predictive…

Background Among nonpregnant individuals, diabetes mellitus and high body mass index increase the risk of COVID-19 and its severity. Objective This study aimed to determine whether diabetes mellitus and high…

Background Despite substantial reductions in the past decade, prescription opioids continue to cause widespread morbidity and mortality in the United States. Little is known regarding patterns and predictors of opioid…

Background Although povidone-iodine (iodine) is the only Food and Drug Administration–approved vaginal antiseptic solution, there is a lack of comparative data evaluating alternatives. Chlorhexidine gluconate is readily accessible, recommended by…