Fetal Cardiac Measurements and Doppler Assessment
TABLE F-1 Mitral and Tricuspid Valve E/A Ratios From DeVore GR: Pulsed Doppler examination of the fetal heart. In Goldberg BB, McGahan JP (eds): Atlas of Ultrasound Measurements, 2nd ed….
GYNECOLOGY
Medications and Reported Associated Malformations
TABLE H-1 Selected Medications and Reported Associated Malformations * Modified from Briggs GG, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ: Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation, 7th ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005….
Sonographic Detection of Chromosomal Abnormalities
TABLE G-1 Distribution of Nuchal Translucency Measurements by Crown-Rump Length From Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL, Norton ME, Shaw GM, et al: Risk of critical congenital heart defects by nuchal translucency norms. Am J…
Measurements for Amniotic Fluid Assessment
TABLE C-1 Amniotic Fluid Index Values in Normal Pregnancy Adapted from Moore TR, Cayle JE: The amniotic fluid index in normal human pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 162:1168, 1990. Gestational…
Amniotic Fluid Volume in Fetal Health and Disease
Outline Amniotic Fluid Physiology and Dynamics, 704 Determination of Amniotic Fluid Volume, 706 Potential Difficulties in Amniotic Fluid Volume Estimation Using Ultrasound, 707 Normal Amniotic Fluid Volume in Singleton Pregnancies,…
Measurements Used in Assessing Fetal Weight, Growth, and Body Proportions
TABLE B-1 Equations for the Estimation of Fetal Weight From Hill LM: Fetal weight. In Goldberg BB, McGahan JP (eds): Atlas of Ultrasound Measurements, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Mosby/Elsevier, 2006. Source…
Measurements Frequently Used to Estimate Gestational Age and Fetal Biometry
TABLE A-1 Methods for Determining Menstrual Age Adapted from Frank P. Hadlock, MD, and James D. Bowie, MD. Clinical or Sonographic Parameter Variability Estimate (2 SD) In vitro fertilization *…
Antepartum Fetal Surveillance and the Role of Ultrasound
Outline Assessment of Fetal Movement, 720 Nonstress Test, 721 Contraction Stress Test, 724 Biophysical Profile, 726 Modified Biophysical Profile, 729 Umbilical Artery Doppler Velocimetry, 730 Conclusions, 730 Summary of Key…
Evaluation of Hydrops Fetalis
Outline Background and Definition, 633 Incidence, 635 Immune Hydrops, 635 Mechanism, 635 Management, 638 Prediction of Anemia, 639 Intrauterine Transfusion, 641 Prognosis, 643 Nonimmune Hydrops, 643 Mechanism, 643 Evaluation and…
Ultrasound Evaluation of the Fetal Gastrointestinal Tract and Abdominal Wall
Outline Embryology, 460 Esophagus and Stomach, 461 Esophageal Atresia, 461 Small Intestine, 465 Duodenal Obstruction, 465 Echogenic Bowel, 465 Jejunoileal Obstruction, 469 Meconium Peritonitis, 470 Rectum, 471 Anorectal Malformations, 471…
