Clinical case A 44-year-old nulliparous female presents with vaginal discharge. A vaginal tumor is biopsied, revealing invasive melanoma. On physical exam, there is a 5 cm polypoid and mostly hypopigmented…

Clinical case A 32-year-old G1P0 at 9 weeks and 3 days gestational age by last menstrual period presents with new onset vaginal bleeding. A transvaginal ultrasound shows no embryo, but…

Clinical case A 62-year-old woman presents to her general gynecologist with a complaint of right-sided vulvar itching and discomfort over the past 2 months. She is an otherwise healthy person…

Clinical case A 38-year-old woman presents to her general gynecologist with a complaint of a vaginal “cyst” at the introitus. She notes some fullness at the opening to the vagina…

Clinical case A 72-year-old patient presents with a 6-month history of vulvar pruritus and irritation. She has tried multiple antifungal medications with no improvement. On physical examination, she has an…

Clinical case A 29-year-old G2P2 woman with a known bicornuate uterus presents to the office with irregular vaginal bleeding. A pelvic exam demonstrates a 2 cm friable lesion on the…

Introduction The overwhelming majority of cervical cancer cases will be either squamous cell or adenocarcinoma. In a National Cancer Database (NCDB) study of cervical cancer in the United States, 79.5%…

Clinical case A 32-year-old G0 female presents with a newly diagnosed small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the cervix. On physical exam, she is noted to have a 1.5 cm…

Neuroendocrine tumors Epidemiology Incidence and mortality Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) of the endometrium, which includes both small-cell and large-cell variants, are rare, highly aggressive tumors that account for approximately 0.8% of…

Introduction Ovarian cancer encompasses a wide variety of tumors, all with different clinical patterns, histologies, and molecular features. Ovarian cancer is typically classified as epithelial (serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell,…