Obgyn Key

1. Which screening interval for cervical disease is consistently identified in cost-effectiveness analyses as associated with small gains in life-expectancy for a high cost? a) Screening every 5 years. b)…

Diagnosing breast cancer early and efficiently is a critical component of any strategy aimed at decreasing breast cancer mortality in developing countries. In this chapter, I evaluate the evidence behind…

The most prevalent uterine tumours are leiomyomas, which are benign and have a prevalence of about 50% at menopause. The incidence of endometrial cancer and uterine sarcomas is about 25…

Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer syndrome are the two most important syndromes responsible for inherited cancers in gynaecology. Genetic testing is available for both…

Advances in screening and early detection of ovarian cancer over the past decade have included novel interpretation of serum CA125, discovery of human epididymis protein 4, which has the potential…

New technologies for cervical cancer screening seek to provide an accurate, efficient and cost-effective way of identifying women at risk for cervical cancer. Current screening uses human papilloma virus DNA…

The need for simple, cost-effective screening approaches for cervical cancer prevention in low-resource countries has led to the evaluation of visual screening with 3–5% acetic acid. The low reproducibility and…

Cervical cancer has been largely eliminated in developed countries with the implementation of cytology-based screening programmes that depend on a call–recall system, followed by colposcopy and biopsy, treatment of precancerous…

Historically, the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer has declined in countries that have instituted and sustained mass-organised cytology-based screening programmes. These programmes, however, required frequent repeats of the screening…