Pulmonary Sequestration
Pulmonary Sequestration David Rubay Pulmonary sequestration is a mass of nonfunctioning lung tissue with no communication with the tracheobronchial tree (Figure 35.1). This sequestered mass of lung tissue receives its…
Congenital Chest Wall Disorders
Congenital Chest Wall Disorders Marcus E. Eby Chest wall deformities can be divided into 2 main categories: Congenital versus acquired Pediatric congenital chest wall deformities present anytime between birth and…
Foreign Body Ingestion
Foreign Body Ingestion Nadine Najjar Young children are instinctively curious about their environment, and their exploration can result in ingestion of a variety of foreign bodies. Anything can be ingested—commonly…
Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Tracheoesophageal Fistula Michael A. Lopez Esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) are congenital malformations that occur approximately in 1:3500 live-born infants.1 It is defined as an interruption in the…
Anorectal Malformations
Anorectal Malformations Paige E. Finkelstein One does not have to be a doctor to make the diagnosis of anorectal malformation (ARM), and thus it has been known throughout history for…
Hirschsprung Disease
Hirschsprung Disease Sana Ahmad Qureshi Although there were sporadic case reports of pediatric colonic obstruction since 1691, Dr Harald Hirschsprung, a pediatrician from Copenhagen, first published observation of the pathologic…
Meconium Ileus
Meconium Ileus Ann Alyssa Kurian Karl Landsteiner first described meconium ileus in 1905. He noted the association of meconium obstructing the small bowel with pathologic pancreatic enzyme deficiency.1 Guido Fanconi…
Pediatric Abdominal Wall Hernias
Pediatric Abdominal Wall Hernias Sarah Simko INGUINAL HERNIAS Inguinal hernias were first described in the Ebers Papyrus in 1550 BC. In AD 150, Galen defined hernias as a rupture of…
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Sana Ahmad Qureshi Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a spectrum involving Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). CD was first written about by Dr Crohn in…
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Necrotizing Enterocolitis Olga Zhadan Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an acquired inflammatory disease affecting the gut of newborns, predominantly premature infants. Incidence in infants weighing less than 1500 g is 10%….
