Introduction A diverse group of conditions present with hypopigmentation in neonates and infants. A practical clinical approach would be to categorize them according to the distribution of the hypopigmentation: generalized,…
Introduction The subcutaneous fat cushions the overlying skin, insulates and provides energy storage, and protects underlying soft tissue and bony structures. Although not fully functional at birth, a well-developed fatty…
Fungal infections Infections caused by fungi and yeasts are common in neonates and infants. Among the most frequent are Candida infections such as thrush and diaper dermatitis. More extensive manifestations,…
Introduction to vascular malformations In 1982, Mulliken and Glowacki proposed a biologic classification of vascular birthmarks that has become widely accepted. It was modified slightly in 1996 by the International…
Introduction Transient benign cutaneous lesions in the newborn are important to recognize. Not only can parents be reassured, but costly, unnecessary and erroneous evaluations and treatment of presumed serious diseases…
Introduction The term ‘inherited disorders of cornification’ covers a wide range of genetic conditions with molecular defects that preclude the formation of a normal epidermis. The term is usually considered…
Erythrodermas The term ‘erythroderma’ is used in dermatology to describe a skin eruption characterized by diffuse erythema, usually in association with scaling. Infantile erythroderma is caused by or associated with…
Introduction Developmental abnormalities of the skin are a diverse group of anomalies representing errors in morphogenesis. By definition, they are present at birth, although some are not evident in the…
Introduction Viral infections can induce a remarkable variety of cutaneous manifestations in the neonate and toddler. The clinical manifestations of any viral infection are influenced by the virulence, tissue tropism,…
Introduction Eczematous eruptions represent a significant proportion of the skin diseases affecting neonates and infants. Clinically they are characterized by erythema, edema, scale, and sometimes crusts. The most common disorder…
