Lumps, Bumps, and Hamartomas
Lumps and bumps A wide variety of conditions affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissues present as papulonodular lesions, or ‘lumps and bumps.’ Benign and malignant neoplasms, hamartomas, and inflammatory and…
Immunologic, Reactive, and Purpuric Disorders
Introduction In this chapter, a number of non-related entities will be discussed. They appear grouped by convenience, and represent a heterogeneous group of genetic and acquired diseases with a common…
Infantile Hemangiomas and Other Vascular Tumors
Infantile hemangioma Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common vascular tumor encountered during early infancy. It is a benign proliferation of endothelial cells that characteristically undergoes a phase of rapid…
Papulosquamous and Lichenoid Disorders
Papulosquamous disorders Psoriasis Introduction Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory papulosquamous disease with an estimated prevalence of 1% in children. Pediatric psoriasis is subdivided into congenital, infantile, and childhood, defined as…
Neonatal Mucous Membrane Disorders
Introduction Examination of the mucous membranes is an important, yet often overlooked, part of the neonatal evaluation. This chapter discusses abnormal cutaneous findings of the oral, genital, and ocular systems….
Neoplastic and Infiltrative Diseases
Introduction Skin disorders characterized by infiltrative lesions can be present at birth or develop during the first few months of life. Some represent frank neoplasms, both benign and malignant, whereas…
Acneiform and Sweat Gland Disorders
Acneiform disorders Neonatal acne (neonatal cephalic pustulosis) Neonatal acne (acne neonatorum) is a very common newborn eruption, occurring in up to 20% of healthy babies. Lesions are not present at…
Disorders of Hyperpigmentation and Melanocytes
Introduction Hyperpigmented lesions, presenting at birth and during the first few weeks of life, are quite common. Pigmented lesions can range from small and isolated to large and multiple. They…
Diaper Area Eruptions
Introduction Eruptions in the diaper region have diverse origins. This chapter will review eruptions, both common and uncommon, that have major findings in the diaper area not only in neonates…
Nail Disorders
Introduction Nails are specialized cutaneous appendages composed of hard keratins similar to those found in hair, and are unique to primates. In humans, nails function as a stabilizing unit to…
