• The settings during conventional ventilation and oxygen supplementation require frequent adjustments to adapt to the changing needs of the preterm infant. • Because of the premature infant’s respiratory instability…
• The postnatal lung contains populations of stem cells with the capacity to reconstitute the lung following injury. • Prematurity and its antecedent factors may alter lung stem cell programming…
• Antenatal steroids (ANS) are one of the oldest and most effective therapies in perinatal medicine. • The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are dated and do not necessarily apply for…
• The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains high, but the nature of the disease has evolved from the traditional form marked by extensive fibroproliferative changes to one of alveolar…
Conflict of Interest Statement Dr. Keszler has received honoraria for lectures and research grant support from Dräger Medical. Dr. Keszler also chairs the Data Safety Monitoring Board of a clinical…
• Multiple antenatal exposures have effects on the fetal lung—some adverse and other beneficial for postnatal survival. • Antenatal exposures can alter lung development and interact with postnatal exposures. •…
• The respiratory and cardiac systems are integrally related both anatomically and functionally and as a result there are significant interactions, particularly in the newborn period. • Inappropriately high airway…
• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective respiratory support for preterm infants for a range of indications, especially when delivered via binasal prongs at set pressures equal to…
• Premature infants present with frequent episodes of spontaneous intermittent hypoxemia. These episodes are more prevalent in infants who require prolonged mechanical ventilation. • A common mechanism triggering intermittent hypoxemia…
• Targeting appropriate oxygenation in newborn infants can improve outcomes. • Evidence from randomized controlled trials and the corresponding meta-analyses indicate that air vs 100% oxygen for resuscitation of term…
