Key Points • Fetal platelet disorder is a potentially life-threatening condition. • Fetal thrombocytopenia may lead to fetal bleeding. complications, such as an intracranial haemorrhage. • Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. •…
Key Points • The fetal face can be visualised by ultrasound from 9 weeks’ gestation onwards. • After 9 weeks’ gestation, only proportional changes occur in the fetal face. •…
Key Points • Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is practically defined as a sonographic estimated fetal weight of less than the 10th percentile for gestational age. In actuality, a growth-restricted fetus…
Key Points • Fetal hydrops is defined as the accumulation of fluid in two fetal compartments (abdominal ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, skin or scalp oedema). It may also be…
Key Points • Most fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of a congenital abnormality can be managed expectantly. For some conditions, in utero referral is mandatory for planned delivery and management…
Key Points • Fetal tumours are rare and should be managed by an experienced multidisciplinary team. • Magnetic resonance imaging is an important imaging modality in the diagnosis and management…
Key Points • Hydrops fetalis is a pathological condition of excessive fluid accumulation in at least two extravascular compartments, including fetal soft tissues and body cavities. Hydrops fetalis is a…
Key Points • A limited number of congenital malformations of the respiratory tract can be identified directly by prenatal sonography. • These malformations should be described systematically because definitive diagnosis…
Key Points • Diagnosis of skeletal anomalies is challenging and requires time and a team approach, including clinical geneticists, paediatricians and pathologists. • This chapter deals with the prenatal diagnosis…
Key Points • Congenital diaphragmatic hernia occurs in 1 to 4 in 10,000 births. The condition is isolated in more than 50% of the cases. • The main causes of…
