Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Timothy DeKoninck Britta Hakkila Stacey L. Poznanski OVERVIEW Background The term “gestational trophoblastic disease” (GTD) describes a spectrum of disorders that originate from placental trophoblastic tissue following…
Ultrasound in Obstetric Emergencies Carla Sterling Zachary Testo Gavin Budhram OVERVIEW Ultrasound was first used to portray a fetus in utero in 1953 and subsequently became the preferred imaging modality…
Ectopic Pregnancy Pavitra Kotini-Shah Komal Paladugu OVERVIEW Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a high-risk pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum implants outside of the endometrium of the uterus. It affects approximately…
Vaginal Bleeding in the First Trimester of Pregnancy Brittany Hannon Karen J. Jubanyik OVERVIEW Background and Importance Vaginal bleeding is a common complaint among women seeking care in the emergency…
Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy Stacey Chamberlain Amina Basha OVERVIEW Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is a common complaint encountered by emergency providers, especially for women in their first…
Prehospital Management of Obstetric Bleeding Gerald Beltran OVERVIEW Most pregnancies progress to term without difficulty; however, others will develop complications such as vaginal bleeding. Vaginal bleeding may occur during any…
Active Labor and Out-of-Hospital Delivery Kenneth J. Knowles II OUT-OF-HOSPITAL ACTIVE LABOR Overview An increase in out-of-hospital births has occurred in the United States since 2004, from a rate of…
Management of Common Surgical Conditions During Pregnancy Gianna Wilkie Julianna Schantz-Dunn OVERVIEW Nonobstetric surgery during pregnancy is challenging for clinicians who care for reproductive-aged women due to concerns for teratogenicity,…
Management of Common Medical Comorbidities During Pregnancy Wesley P. Eilbert Medical comorbidities in pregnancy frequently manifest as complex illnesses with maternal and fetal health risks. The prevalence of medical problems…
Airway Management in Pregnancy Lucienne Lutfy-Clayton Margaret Goodrich Kamil Skotnicki OVERVIEW Airway management is challenging in pregnancy due to the anatomic and physiologic changes that occur, impacting oxygenation, ventilation, and…
