Movement Disorders
■ HYPOKINETIC MOVEMENT DISORDERS Parkinsonism Parkinsonism is the most common hypokinetic disorder. It is usually characterized by two or more of the usual parkinsonism signs: (1) rest tremor at 4…
Temperature Management and Hypothermic Neuroprotection
The impact of hyperthermia prevention and induced hypothermia to minimize neurologic injury has been evaluated in both animal models and clinical trials across multiple types of brain injury. Both spontaneous…
Approach to Acute Headache
■ DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF HEADACHES BY PROMINENT HISTORICAL FEATURE The red flags for serious headache conditions in children can be summarized by the mnemonic SNOOPY snoop4 (to remember the 4…
Ethical Issues
!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd”> 28 Ethical Issues MATTHEW P. KIRSCHEN and CHRIS FEUDTNER ■ INTRODUCTION What are the ethical issues that clinicians should anticipate and consider when…
End of Life Care
!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd”> 26 End of Life Care VANESSA MADRIGAL and WYNNE MORRISON Although mortality rates for children in developed countries have been decreasing over the…
Psychological Reactions to Critical Care Events
!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd”> 25 Psychological Reactions to Critical Care Events PAUL M. ROBINS and MARY ROURKE The experience of pediatric critical care is quite likely to…
Nutrition and Glucose Management
FIGURE 5.1 Glucose homeostasis. Abbreviation: FAO, fatty acid oxidation. Impact on Cerebral Metabolism The brain exhibits age-specific differences in its response to hypoglycemia. While the mature brain is quite vulnerable to…
Odontogenic Tumors
Tumors of odontogenic epithelium Ameloblastoma Squamous odontogenic tumor Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor Keratocyst odontogenic tumor Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (Pindborg) Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma Intraosseous odontogenic carcinoma Tumors of odontogenic mesenchyme…
Lymphatic Malformations
LMs have also been categorized according to histologic appearance, cyst size, and anatomical relationship to the mylohyoid muscle [7, 8] (Type 1 and 2, see Table 28.2). Table 28.2 LM types…
Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
Site of spread Route of spread 1. Nasal cavity and nasopharynx Medially through sphenopalatine foramen 2. Infratemporal fossa Laterally through pterygomaxillary fissure 3. Maxillary sinus Anteriorly by destruction and dislocation…
