Targeting infertility in PCOS: Unfolding “Ariadne’s thread”
Introduction The myth of Ariadne’s thread is a fitting analogy for providing a practical and logical algorithm for the management of anovulatory PCOS. The legend tells of King Minos who,…
Targeting metabolism in the management of PCOS: Metformin and beyond
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive-aged women characterized by clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Women with PCOS have increased risk…
Combined oral contraceptives: Why, when, where?
Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a multifactorial disorder, involves mainly reproductive but also other endocrine systems. Based on the current Rotterdam criteria, the prevalence of PCOS varies between 5% and…
Intrinsic abnormalities of adipose tissue and adipose tissue dysfunction in PCOS
Funding sources This work was supported by the Brazilian National Institute of Hormones and Women’s Health/Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq INCT grant number 465482/2014-7) and Fundação de…
Diet and exercise in the management of PCOS: Starting from the basics
Obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in PCOS Overweight and obesity constitute a modern global pandemic, with rapidly growing rates both in developed and in developing areas of the world….
The multifarious role of insulin in PCOS: From pathophysiology to therapeutic management
Funding This work was supported by academic grants to Paolo Moghetti from the University of Verona. Conflicts of interest/competing interests The author has nothing to disclose. Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome…
The pathogenic role of androgen excess in PCOS
Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very common and rather complex endocrine disorder with significant reproductive and metabolic impact . The overproduction of androgens seems to have a role…
Developmental origins of polycystic ovary syndrome: Everything starts in utero
Acknowledgments Financial Support: D.H.A. and J.E.L.: NIH DK121559, HD102172, OD011106. Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent, complex, highly heritable, subfertility health disorder of premenopausal women with numerous comorbidities…
Defining PCOS: A syndrome with an intrinsic heterogeneous nature
Acknowledgments This work was supported by Grants PI1501686, PIE1600050, and PI1801122 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, and co-financed by the European Development Regional…
Secondary PCOS: Well-defined causes, leading to the PCOS phenotype
Acknowledgments This chapter is dedicated to Prof. Renato Pasquali, for his constant commitment to the study of PCOS. Introduction PCOS has had a complex history punctuated by a constant improvement…
