1. a) F b) F c) F d) F e) T Cost-effectiveness analyses have shown that screening annually is associated with high incremental cost-effectiveness ratios across a variety of settings…
1. In the management of a woman of reproductive age with a diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer, balancing concerns of improving cancer outcomes and preserving the patient’s reproductive potential, prime…
Options for preserving fertility in women include well-established methods such as fertility-sparing surgery, shielding to reduce radiation damage to reproductive organs, and emergency in-vitro fertilisation after controlled ovarian stimulation, with…
The overall increase in cancer prevalence and the significant increase in long-term survival have generated worldwide interest in preserving fertility in young women exposed to gonadotoxic chemo- and radiotherapy. Infertility…
Cancer in pregnancy, fortunately, is uncommon. This is even more so for gynaecological cancer. Fertility preservation in gynaecological cancer is already a difficult issue, as the common gynaecological cancers affect…
Most women with gestational trophoblastic disease are of reproductive age. Because the disease is readily treatable with favourable prognosis, fertility becomes an important issue. Hydatidiform mole is a relatively benign…
Malignant ovarian germ-cell tumours account for about 5% of all ovarian malignancies and typically present in the teenage years. They are almost always unilateral and are exquisitely chemosensitive. As such,…
The incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer in women aged 40 years and younger is 3–17%. The management of these women is challenging and requires balancing the need to treat epithelial…
Borderline ovarian tumours account for 10–20% of all epithelial ovarian cancer. Historically, standard primary surgery has included borderline ovarian tumours, omentectomy, peritoneal washing and multiple biopsies. As one-third of borderline…
Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynaecological malignancy in the Western world. The standard management of endometrial carcinoma is total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without pelvic and para-aortic…
