Palliative Care Family Support in Neonatology
KEY POINTS 1. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rates have increased over time, with a consequent increase in the number of extremely premature and critically ill infants who are…
Esophageal Surgery in Neonates: Esophageal Atresia, Gastroesophageal Reflux, and Other Congenital Anomalies
KEY POINTS 1. Esophageal surgery in neonates includes the treatment of esophageal atresia, gastroesophageal reflux, congenital esophageal stenosis, esophageal duplication, and vascular rings. 2. Esophageal atresia, with or without tracheoesophageal…
Developmental Anomalies of the Cornea and Iris in Neonates
KEY POINTS 1. Causes of primary neonatal corneal opacification include congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED), posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy, congenital hereditary stromal dystrophy (CHED), and corneal dermoid. Secondary causes include…
Nasal Obstruction in Newborn Infants
KEY POINTS 1. Nasal obstruction in neonates can cause respiratory distress and feeding difficulty, as newborns rely heavily on nasal breathing. 2. Mild cases of nasal obstruction can be observed,…
Quality Improvement in Neonatal Care
KEY POINTS 1. The quality of clinical care and improvement is typically measured in six areas: safety, effectiveness, patient-centeredness, timeliness, efficiency, and equality. 2. Healthcare administered during pregnancy, labor, and…
Congenital Anorectal Malformations and Hirschsprung Disease in the Neonate
KEY POINTS 1. Congenital anorectal malformations and Hirschsprung disease present in neonates with symptoms of distal intestinal obstruction and distal gastrointestinal tract dysmotility. 2. Anorectal malformations are a congenital group…
Nasal Obstruction in Newborn Infants
KEY POINTS 1. Nasal obstruction in neonates can cause respiratory distress and feeding difficulty, as newborns rely heavily on nasal breathing. 2. Mild cases of nasal obstruction can be observed,…
Pulmonary Surgery inthe Newborn
KEY POINTS 1. Neonatal respiratory disease that requires surgery can have devastating consequences. Care for patients with these conditions involves a multidisciplinary team including neonatologists, pediatric surgeons, nurses, and respiratory…
Pain and Symptom Management in Newborns Receiving Palliative and End-of-Life Care
KEY POINTS 1. Perinatal palliative care is specialized medical care for fetuses/infants with life-threatening or terminal conditions, with the goal of providing equitable and effective support for curative, life-prolonging, and…
Common Chromosomal Conditions in Newborns
KEY POINTS 1. Chromosomal abnormalities can be numerical abnormalities (aneuploidy), structural anomalies such as copy number variants (microdeletions or duplications), inversions, translocations, and the formation of isochromosomes or ring chromosomes….
