Possible Benefits and Risks of Using Probiotics in Neonates
KEY POINTS 1. Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when consumed in adequate amounts by an adult host, are believed to and in many instances have been shown to confer health…
Neonatal Resuscitation
KEY POINTS 1. Knowledge of the normal physiologic transition from fetal to neonatal life and potential disruptions of this process is vital to a comprehensive understanding of neonatal resuscitation. 2….
Invasive and Noninvasive Ventilation Strategies
KEY POINTS 1. Endotracheal tube ventilation, also known as invasive ventilation, although life-saving, is associated with lung injury, especially in premature infants. 2. Volume-targeted ventilation is the preferred mode of…
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
KEY POINTS 1. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. 2. The etiopathology of RDS involves structural immaturity and surfactant deficiency in…
Oxygen During Postnatal Stabilization
KEY POINTS 1. There is a precisely controlled sequence of circulatory and respiratory changes at birth that leads to the establishment of adult-type circulation and airborne respiration. 2. Despite the…
Golden Hour and Thermoregulation
KEY POINTS 1. The first 60 minutes after birth constitutes a Golden Hour for a newborn infant, when appropriate clinical management can improve long-term outcomes. 2. The physiologic transition from…
Placental Transfusion in the Newborn
KEY POINTS 1. Delayed cord clamping (DCC) is a very powerful yet simple, no-cost intervention practice that can transform the lives of children and mothers around the world. 2. DCC…
Radiation Safety in Premature and Critically-Ill Neonates
KEY POINTS 1. Digital radiography is a frequently used imaging technique in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), with many infants having multiple radiographs during their stays. 2. High-energy photons in…
Neonatal Transport
KEY POINTS 1. Transport is not a benign event for the neonate, the family, and the transport team. 2. Transport is a significant transition in care and has risk and…
Safe Use of Health Information Technology
KEY POINTS 1. Information technology (IT) can improve healthcare in its (1) efficiency in terms of economical achievement of goals, (2) effectiveness by improving the capacity to do so, and…
