CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS: HYPERTENSION Print Section Listen An estimated 2% to 4% of children have clinically significant hypertension. Primary, or essential, hypertension is relatively uncommon in children. Approximately 90% of hypertensive…
OSTEOMYELITIS Print Section Listen Osteomyelitis is an infection of bone. This is a relatively common occurrence in the pediatric age group; the incidence of osteomyelitis in the United States is…
DEVELOPMENTAL ANOMALIES Print Section Listen Normal Development The stomach develops from the distal part of the embryonic foregut. The dorsal aspect of the primitive stomach grows faster than the ventral…
JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS Print Section Listen Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA; juvenile rheumatoid arthritis) encompasses a group of disorders that are clinically characterized by a chronic synovitis of unknown origin that…
DEVELOPMENT OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Print Section Listen The Primitive Heart During the first 20 days of development, the human embryo has no cardiovascular structures. However, very rapid and intricate…
NORMAL DEVELOPMENT, ANATOMY, AND FUNCTION Print Section Listen The spleen develops from mesenchymal cells that migrate during embryogenesis into the dorsal mesogastrium. Spleen development begins during the fifth week of…
URINARY SYSTEM TRAUMA Print Section Listen Renal Trauma Trauma accounts for almost 50% of deaths of children aged 1 to 14 years in the United States. Over 1.5 million injuries,…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Renal parenchymal disease, also termed medical renal disease, includes various disorders of the glomeruli, interstitium, tubules, and small blood vessels of the kidneys. The clinical spectrum…
SPINAL CORD (INTRAMEDULLARY) TUMORS Print Section Listen Astrocytoma and ependymoma account for approximately 90% of spinal cord tumors (Table 24-1). Other tumors of the cord are rare. The presenting symptoms…
NORMAL DEVELOPMENT Print Section Listen Development of the pancreas begins with the formation of 2 anlagen from the embryonic foregut. One arises from the dorsal aspect of the gut and…
