Fig. 1.1 Schematic of GnRH synthesis. A, Representation of prepro-GnRH, including a 23-amino acid signal sequence, GnRH, a proteolytic processing site (Gly-Lys-Arg), and GnRH-associated peptide (GAP). The arrow indicates the site…
Fig. 24.1 IVM protocols at IVF Osaka Clinic. Fresh or frozen IVM are applied depending on the thickness of endometrium on the day of HCG administration Appropriate Timing for Retrieval Although…
Fig. 20.1 Proposed flowchart for the TWE diagnostic clinic (T WE The Walking Egg, FAM Fertility awareness methods, IUI Intrauterine insemination, NC Natural cycle, COH Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, TI Timed intercourse,…
Fig. 13.1 Number of patients undergoing MNC-IVF and number of cycles performed Fig. 13.2 Cumulative pregnancy rates per patient In this chapter, results of our original studies and cumulative pregnancy rates after…
Fig. 19.1 INVO principle. INVOcell device is permeable to CO2 gas and allows the equilibrium between the pCO2 of the vaginal/rectal venous plexus (~5–6%) and the pCO2 of the culture medium…
Fig. 15.1 Forest plot of comparison: 1 Clomiphene citrate with gonadotropins (with or without mid-cycle antagonist) versus gonadotropins with GnRH agonists protocols in IVF and ICSI cycles, outcome: 1.1 live birth…
Fig. 2.1 The structures of different follicles and its development are shown in a clockwise direction proceeding from the primordial follicle to pre-ovulatory follicle as well from ovulating to corpus luteum…
Sun-Chi et al.a Buckett et al. Fadini et al. IVM Spontaneous IVM IVF ICSI Spontaneous IVM ICSI Number of infants 19 21 31 133 104 338 153 148 Birthweight…
Unsolved problems Possible solutions Advantages/drawbacks Uncontrolled LH surge Flexible scheduling Very challenging GnRH antagonists Additional cost, inefficient? Low-dose clomiphene Endometrial effect? Premature ovulation NSAIDs Cheap, efficient Empty follicle Follicular flushing…
Fig. 14.1 Protocol for minimal stimulation and natural cycle IVF. GnRHa GnRH agonist, OR oocyte retrieval, ET embryo transfer, Cryo cryopreservation Method for Determining the Oocyte Retrieval Period After confirming follicular…
