Mode Process Comment Blood gas related Blood gas analysis Requires collection of blood specimens, and is thus invasive, and may be associated with increased need for blood transfusion Generally used…
Fig. 1.1 The stages of lung development. H&E staining of mouse lungs are shown during the pseudoglandular (a, E13.5), canalicular (b, E15.5), saccular (c, E18.5), and alveolar stages (d–f, postnatal…
Nasal mask Facial mask Nasal prongs Mouthpiece Age Every age Every age Adolescent Child and adolescent Contraindications Gastroesophageal reflux, patient without autonomy Advantages Small volume, comfortable, allows eating and…
Study Premedication Population (median values or range for gestational age and birth weights) Desaturation Bradycardia Oei (2002) Placebo N = 10 Missing data Maximal heart rate drop – 62 ± 46 bpm 30 weeks…
In this chapter we further develop our method that allows us to say that the fetal heart is normal, proving this by our choice of the critical reference images. This…
We are now going to describe, the principle cardiac pathologies that are encountered prenatally. First step. pathologies of position Pathologies of position are the first we look for when examining…
Figure 7.1 Fetus with trisomy 21. Despite the increase in the early diagnosis of this pathology, certain women—voluntarily or otherwise—have not had early tests for this condition. In questioning the…
Ultrasound (US), which for a long time was considered as operator dependent, left little place for the images themselves. Recent legal developments in countries like France have changed this, requiring…
The heart examination is a critical moment in fetal ultrasound (US). After birth, cardiologists carry out this examination, but before then the fetal heart is seen by non-cardiologists. While it…
Just as we would do before any clinical examination, we begin by taking a medical history and through our questioning look to uncover several important points, including: • Family history of…
