Fig. 11.1 MRCP of a 17-year-old patient with PSC. Note the intrahepatic and extrahepatic beading of the biliary tree with sequential strictures and saccular dilatations. The common bile duct wall…
Safe to use when indicated Limited data but appear safe Contraindicated Oral, topical mesalamine Olsalazine Methotrexate Sulfasalazine Azathioprine/6MP Thalidomide Corticosteroids Biologics Diphenoxylate Total parenteral nutrition Cyclosporine Loperamide Metronidazole Ciprofloxacin* …
Immunization Type Route of administration Patient age at time of recommended administration Hepatitis B Inactivated Parenteral 0–1 year (3 doses) Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis Inactivated Parenteral 2–6…
Major depressive disorder A.At least five of the following symptoms during a 2-week period; at least one of the symptoms is either one or two: 1.Depressed mood most of the…
Short-term Induce clinical remission Maintain clinical remission Improve patient’s quality of life Long-term Heal mucosa Decrease hospitalization/surgery and overall costs Reduce disease-related and therapy-related complications Promote growth and pubertal development…
Fig. 36.1 Diffuse inflammation with loss of vascular pattern and ulceration, typical of the pattern seen in ulcerative colitis He continued to do well and infliximab was stopped after the…
Author, Year N Drug, Dose Rx Time Response Drug Response Placebo P-value Willoughby et al., 1971 [75] 3 AZA, 2 mg/kg/day 24 week 0/2 (0%) 0/1 (0%) NR Rhodes et…
Fig. 33.1 Design of the REACH study in pediatric Crohn disease Post hoc analyses of the REACH study evaluated the effect of infliximab in children with perianal CD. Seventy percent…
Fig. 31.1 Azathioprine (AZA) metabolism (XO xanthine oxidase; 6-TU 6-thiouric acid; 6-TIMP 6-thioinosine monophosphate) An apparent genetic polymorphism has been observed in TPMT activity in both the Caucasian and African-American…
Increased interleukin (IL)-10 Increased IL-2 Inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis Decreased leukotriene B4 (LTB4) Decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha Decreased IL-6 Decreased IL-8 Decreased selective adhesion molecules (SAM) Improved understanding of…
