PEDIATRICS
Congenital Intestinal Stenosis and Atresia
Fig. 23.1 Operative (a) and diagrammatic (b) representation of type I intestinal atresia. There is continuity of bowel, no defect in the mesentery and an intraluminal diaphragm In type I…
Disorders of Sex Development
Previous Proposed Intersex DSD Male pseudohermaphrodite, undervirilization of a Y male, and undermasculinization of an XY male 46, XY DSD Female pseudohermaphrodite, overvirilization of an XX female, and masculinization of…
Abdominal Wall Hernias and Hydroceles
Fig. 4.1 Clinical photographs (a and b) of a large inguinoscrotal hernia They are commonly seen in approximately 3–5 % of full-term infants. Inguinal hernias are three times more common in…
Hepatoblastoma
Fig. 57.1 Clinical photograph of a patient with hepatoblastoma showing a large abdominal mass Less common symptoms are: decreased appetite, anorexia, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, back pain, early puberty in…
Esophageal Atresia and/or Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Fig. 14.1 The different anatomic variants of EA/TEF Type c (EA with distal TEF) is the commonest type making up to 86 % of the cases. This is followed by pure…
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation
Fig. 51.1 Diagramatic representation of type I CCAM Multiple large cysts (> 2 cm in diameter). A single large cyst surrounded by numerous smaller cysts. Type I is the most common type…
Bronchogenic Cyst
Fig. 52.1 Histological picture of excised bronchogenic cyst. Note the respiratory epithelial lining, seromucinous glands, and cartilage in the wall Embryology Bronchogenic cysts result from an abnormal budding of the…
Congenital Lobar Emphysema
Fig. 50.1 Chest x-ray showing congenital lobar emphysema involving the left upper lobe. Note the mediastinal shift and herniation of the affected lobe to the other side with compression on…
Neonatal Intestinal Obstruction
Fig. 22.1 Diagnosis of neonatal intestinal obstruction Differential Diagnosis Atresia and stenosis involving duodenum, small bowel, and colon Intestinal malrotation Meconium ileus (associated and not associated with cystic fibrosis) Hirschsprung’s…