Female obesity and osteoporosis
18.1 Introduction 1. Obesity and osteoporosis are two important problems affecting global health with a high impact on both mortality and morbidity. 2. Both have multifactorial aetiologies, including genetic and…
OBSTETRICS
Obesity and breast cancer
17.1 Epidemiology 1. Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent female cancer, responsible for 15% of all cancer deaths in women worldwide. 2. 33% of BCs in post menopause are…
Obesity and cancer
16.1 Overview 1. Cancer development is stimulated by genetic components, environmental exposures, and lifestyle exposures; all impact the cellular microenvironment and initiate carcinogenesis. 2. Links between obesity and cancer have…
Obesity and clinical psychosomatic women’s health
15.1 Introduction 1. The concept “clinical psychosomatic” brings together and emphasises the connection between mind and body as being relevant to clinical medicine when evaluating diseases that affect both physical…
Obesity and chronic pelvic pain
14.1 Introduction 1. Chronic pelvic pain is constant or intermittent pain persisting greater than 6 months in the pelvic or lower abdominal region. 2. This definition features wide variation worldwide…
Obesity and pelvic organ prolapse
13.1 Introduction 1. Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) prevalence rates range from 10% in younger women and up to 50% in postmenopausal women. 2. Nearly 1 in 10 women will undergo…
Obesity, incontinence, and pelvic floor dysfunction
12.1 Urinary incontinence 12.1.1 Introduction 1. Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common disorder that affects approximately 25% of the general population according to large epidemiological studies. 2. Several factors have…
Heavy menstrual bleeding
11.1 Introduction Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common condition that affects 20%–30% of women during their reproductive age and has a major impact on women’s quality of life. The…
Medical and surgical interventions to improve fertility outcomes
10.1 Introduction 1. The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide with more than 600 million obese adults, including 15% of women, in 2014. 2. Being overweight in early adulthood increases…
Obesity and assisted conceptionion
9.1 Introduction The World Health Organization defines obesity as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that impairs health. Obesity is most commonly defined using body mass index (BMI). The percentage of…
