Infectious Complications in Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Reference Year VAP criterion n Incidence Per 1,000 ventilator days Fayon et al. 1997 Consensus 439 2.5 %; 6.9 % of those ventilated ≥3 days – Richards et al. 1999…
The Prone Position in Acute Lung Injury
Fig. 23.1 CT scans—apex, hilum, and base—in ARDS from sepsis. Images were taken at 5 cm H2O end-expiratory pressure. The CT scans show heterogeneous disease and both the craniocaudal and…
Sedation, Analgesia and Neuromuscular Blockade in the Neonatal ICU
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015Peter C. Rimensberger (ed.)Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation10.1007/978-3-642-01219-8_38 38. Sedation, Analgesia and Neuromuscular Blockade in the Neonatal ICU Elaine M. Boyle1 and K. J. Sunny Anand2 (1) Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, 22-28…
Oxygen Supplementation, Delivery, and Physiologic Effects
where DO2 represents oxygen delivery; CO, cardiac output; SaO2, arterial oxygen saturation; Hb, hemoglobin; and PaO2, partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood. Thus, decreased oxygen delivery can result from…
Bronchoscopy in Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care
Fig. 37.1 (a) Severe unilateral pulmonary interstitial empysema (PIE) in a premature ventilated baby causing mediastinal shift and cardiovascular compromise. (b) Unilateral intubation guided by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. (c) Resolution of…
Fluid Management in the Ventilated Patient
(5) Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, MRC Centre for Allergic Mechanisms for Asthma, King’s College London, London, UK (6) Newborn Unit, Neonatal Intensive Care Centre, King’s College London…
Permissive Hypercapnia in Neonates: Specific Experience and Limitations
Potential benefits Potential risks Decrease lung injury Cerebral vasodilation/loss of cerebral auto regulation/intraventricular hemorrhage Neuroprotection in hypoxia-ischemia Increase pulmonary vascular resistance Reduction of adverse effects of hypocapnia including periventricular leukomalacia…
Rational Use of Adjunctive Therapies: Efficacy and Efficiency
(4) Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Unit, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India Educational Aims To review the use of various pharmacologic agents in the prevention…
Respiratory Support in Developing Countries Where Resources Are Limited
Fig. 20.1 Threshold of hypoxaemia at different altitudes Changing the point at which hypoxaemia is defined and oxygen is given results in a major variation in the amount of oxygen…
