Pediatric Asthma
Fig. 51.1 Mechanics of dynamic hyperinflation in acute severe asthma (Rotta and Steinhorn 2007). (a) A flow-time curve shows that inspiration begins before complete exhalation of the previous breath, leading…
Infectious Complications in Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Reference Year VAP criterion n Incidence Per 1,000 ventilator days Fayon et al. 1997 Consensus 439 2.5 %; 6.9 % of those ventilated ≥3 days – Richards et al. 1999…
Oxygen Supplementation, Delivery, and Physiologic Effects
where DO2 represents oxygen delivery; CO, cardiac output; SaO2, arterial oxygen saturation; Hb, hemoglobin; and PaO2, partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood. Thus, decreased oxygen delivery can result from…
The Prone Position in Acute Lung Injury
Fig. 23.1 CT scans—apex, hilum, and base—in ARDS from sepsis. Images were taken at 5 cm H2O end-expiratory pressure. The CT scans show heterogeneous disease and both the craniocaudal and…
Sedation, Analgesia and Neuromuscular Blockade in the Neonatal ICU
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015Peter C. Rimensberger (ed.)Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation10.1007/978-3-642-01219-8_38 38. Sedation, Analgesia and Neuromuscular Blockade in the Neonatal ICU Elaine M. Boyle1 and K. J. Sunny Anand2 (1) Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, 22-28…
Permissive Hypercapnia in Neonates: Specific Experience and Limitations
Potential benefits Potential risks Decrease lung injury Cerebral vasodilation/loss of cerebral auto regulation/intraventricular hemorrhage Neuroprotection in hypoxia-ischemia Increase pulmonary vascular resistance Reduction of adverse effects of hypocapnia including periventricular leukomalacia…
Bronchoscopy in Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care
Fig. 37.1 (a) Severe unilateral pulmonary interstitial empysema (PIE) in a premature ventilated baby causing mediastinal shift and cardiovascular compromise. (b) Unilateral intubation guided by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. (c) Resolution of…
Fluid Management in the Ventilated Patient
(5) Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, MRC Centre for Allergic Mechanisms for Asthma, King’s College London, London, UK (6) Newborn Unit, Neonatal Intensive Care Centre, King’s College London…
