Viral infections in pregnancy
Figure 21.1 The pathogenesis of varicella embryopathy Immunological evidence of in utero infection This may be by one of two ways: persistence of VZV-specific IgG at one year of age…
Non-Hormonal Therapy in obstetrics and gynaecology
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 27 Non-Hormonal Therapy in obstetrics and gynaecology Kevin Hayes Many conditions in pregnancy require prescribed medication and increasing numbers of women are on regular drugs…
Benign gynaecological pathology
Villous oedemaLack of vesselsCircumferential trophoblastic hyperplasiaFjord-like outline of villiVessels present contain nucleated RBCsLess prominent trophoblastMaternally expressed gene product p57 is positiveSerum human hCGElevatedLess elevatedRisk of choriocarcinomaAbout 2%Rare hCG = human…
Hormonal treatment in nonmalignant gynaecological conditions
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 28 Hormonal treatment in nonmalignant gynaecological conditions Michael Marsh Pharmacology of hormones used in gynaecological treatment Estrogens and Progestogens Natural or synthetic estrogens are compounds…
Gynaecological neoplasia
Nonseminomatous germ cell tumoursAlpha fetoprotein (AFP)Hepatocellular carcinomaYolk sac tumourProstate specific antigen (PSA)Prostatic carcinomaCA-125Ovarian carcinomaPrimary peritoneal carcinoma Paraneoplastic syndromes These are symptom complexes in cancer patients. They may represent earliest manifestation…
Infections in obstetrics and gynaecology
Tuberculosis (pulmonary or extrapulmonary)NeurologicalCerebral toxoplasmosisCryptococcal meningitisAIDS dementiaGastrointestinalDiarrhoea and wasting syndromeaOesophageal candidiasisOphthalmicCytomegalovirus retinitisMalignancyKaposi sarcomaNon-Hodgkin lymphomaSystemicMycobacterium avium complex infection a May be attributable to infection with Cryptosporidium, Microsporidium or Isospora species Virology…
Microbiology
Figure 20.1 Gram-stain procedure Taxonomic classification of bacteria Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria can be further subdivided according to their morphological and biochemical characteristics. The principal subdivisions include: morphology (shape) on…
Fluid and acid–base balance
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 7 Fluid and acid–base balance Mark Heining Fluid and electrolyte balance in pregnancy During the course of a normal pregnancy, extracellular fluid accumulates: plasma volume…
Temperature control in the IVF laboratory
(a) Heat conduction from an electric cooker hob plate; (b) Heat convection from an oil burner. (Quartec GmbH.) Box 6.2 Practical application of Newton’s Law of Cooling in forensic science…
Gases, air quality, and volatile organic carbons (VOCs)
(oil and grease)5 ppm w/w max.Phosphine***≤= 0.3 ppm v/vTotal volatile hydrocarbons (calculated as methane)50 ppm v/v max. of which 20 ppm v/v max non-methane hydrocarbons.Acetaldehyde0.2 ppm v/v max.Benzene0.02 ppm v/v…
