Obgyn Key

Appendix A.2 Summary: Selection Criteria for Management Dysfunction Evaluation tool Cut off UI ICI q SF >1 AI Wexner score >1 if solid or liquid and/or >2 if gas POP…

Fig. 6.1 3-D rendering of anal sphincter complex performed 1 week after vaginal delivery with image display on the axial (a) and sagittal (b) plane: arrows point to a hypoechoic…

First degree laceration of the vaginal epithelium or perineal skin only Second degree involvement of the perineal muscles but not the anal sphincters Third degree disruption of the anal sphincter…

Ref n° Pts n° Selective MLE (4°DT%) Routine MLE (4°DT%) OR 5 181 0 5.6 0.12 6 2,606 1.2 1.5 0.78 7 698 6.6 6.6 1 8 881 0.45 0…

  Grade of recommendation Level of evidence Actions before pregnancy Stop smoking B 2 Age (<35 at pregnancy) A 2 Overweight reduction A 2 Actions during pregnancy Reducing constipation B…

Fig. 4.1 e-PAQ-PF The questionnaires are largely designed as outcome measures and are most useful in a research setting. The benefit to the practitioner not in a research environment is…

Fig. 3.1 Finite element with four degrees of head flexion. The fetal head flexion ranges from poor (a), moderate (b), advanced (c) and complete (d) flexion (From Parente et al….

First degree: laceration of the vaginal epithelium or perineal skin only Second degree: involvement of the vaginal epithelium, perineal skin and perineal muscles but not the anal sphincter Third degree:…