Potential benefits Potential risks Decrease lung injury Cerebral vasodilation/loss of cerebral auto regulation/intraventricular hemorrhage Neuroprotection in hypoxia-ischemia Increase pulmonary vascular resistance Reduction of adverse effects of hypocapnia including periventricular leukomalacia…
Fig. 37.1 (a) Severe unilateral pulmonary interstitial empysema (PIE) in a premature ventilated baby causing mediastinal shift and cardiovascular compromise. (b) Unilateral intubation guided by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. (c) Resolution of…
(5) Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, MRC Centre for Allergic Mechanisms for Asthma, King’s College London, London, UK (6) Newborn Unit, Neonatal Intensive Care Centre, King’s College London…
Fig. 9.1 The relative humidity of a gas depends on its absolute water content and gas temperature. At 37.0 °C and 100 % relative humidity, the respiratory gas has 44…
(4) Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Unit, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India Educational Aims To review the use of various pharmacologic agents in the prevention…
Fig. 20.1 Threshold of hypoxaemia at different altitudes Changing the point at which hypoxaemia is defined and oxygen is given results in a major variation in the amount of oxygen…
Fig. 7.1 Bubble NCPAP. (A) Respiratory inductance plethysmography abdominal and chest bands; (B) esophageal balloon connected to pressure transducer. (A, B) are being used for pulmonary mechanics measurements in this…
Mode Process Comment Blood gas related Blood gas analysis Requires collection of blood specimens, and is thus invasive, and may be associated with increased need for blood transfusion Generally used…
Nasal mask Facial mask Nasal prongs Mouthpiece Age Every age Every age Adolescent Child and adolescent Contraindications Gastroesophageal reflux, patient without autonomy Advantages Small volume, comfortable, allows eating and…
Fig. 1.1 The stages of lung development. H&E staining of mouse lungs are shown during the pseudoglandular (a, E13.5), canalicular (b, E15.5), saccular (c, E18.5), and alveolar stages (d–f, postnatal…
