SeizuresEli M. Mizrahi
The first 4 weeks of life represent one of the greatest periods of seizure hazard during childhood. The occurrence of seizures within this neonatal period is associated…
Syndromes: Familial Benign Seizures Starting in Neonates and InfantsGiuseppe Capovilla and Pasquale Striano
For a long time, neonatal seizures and focal epilepsies in infancy have been viewed with suspicion for a probable association with brain lesions. Now, it is well…
Dominant Focal EpilepsiesSarah Weckhuysen, Mary Kurian, Fabienne Picard, and Stephanie Baulac
The familial focal epilepsies with onset in childhood or adolescence are classified according to the focus of seizure onset in different members of the same family. Seizure…
T. Hsieh and Elizabeth A. Thiele
When rufinamide received its approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2008, it was the first time that a new anticonvulsant medication was…
Methsuximide, and TrimethadioneSudha Kilaru Kessler
ETHOSUXIMIDE Ethosuximide (ESM) is a succinimide antiepileptic drug in clinical use since 1958 for a limited spectrum of seizure types, chiefly absence seizures, for which it remains…
Due to Inborn Errors of MetabolismDouglas R. Nordli, Jr. and Darryl C. De Vivo
INTRODUCTION There are many inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) that cause disease in humans, and hundreds of these can produce encephalopathy and seizures. In fact, we now…
EpilepsiesIka Noviawaty and Prakash Kotagal
INTRODUCTION The International Classification of Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes (1) divides epilepsy, first, on the basis of whether the seizures are focal (localization-related epilepsies), generalized (originating at…
Epilepsy Febrile Seizure Plus (GEFS+)Douglas R. Nordli, Jr. and John M. Pellock
INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION GEFS+ is an acronym for generalized epilepsy febrile seizures plus. It was defined by Scheffer et al in 1997 and was based upon a…
in Epilepsy: A Network and Neurodevelopmental PerspectiveRaman Sankar and Edward C. Cooper
The search for mutated genes in several hereditary forms of epilepsy affecting infants and children has resulted in the identification of epileptic channelopathies (ie, epilepsies resulting from…
Channels, Membranes, and Molecules in Epilepsy and Neuronal ExcitabilityLaxmikant S. Deshpande and Robert J. DeLorenzo
Important advances that enhance our understanding of the regulation of neuronal excitability in epilepsy and other brain functions have been made in molecular neurobiology. This research has…
