Epidermal Nevi
Nevi or nests of cells may be made up of a variety of cell types. The cell types that live in the epidermis include epidermal cells or keratinocytes, sebaceous glands,…
Congenital Melanocytic Nevi
The relative risk for melanoma arising within a congenital nevus is related to the size of the lesion. The timing of and clinical presentation of development of melanoma is also…
Patterned Pigmentation in Children
The terms pigmentary mosaicism or patterned dyspigmentation describe a spectrum of clinical findings that range from localized areas of dyspigmentation with no systemic findings to widespread dyspigmentation with associated neurologic,…
The Diagnostic and Clinical Significance of Café-au-lait Macules
Café-au-lait, also referred to as café-au-lait spots or café-au-lait macules, present as well-circumscribed, evenly pigmented macules and patches that range in size from 1 to 2 mm to greater than…
Genetics and Syndromes Associated with Vascular Malformations
Historically, vascular malformations were not thought to be the result of genetic abnormalities because most of those presenting clinically are sporadic. However, research in this field has expanded over the…
Vascular Malformations
Vascular malformations are rare but important skin disorders in children, which often require multidisciplinary care. The goal of this article is to orient pediatricians to the various types of vascular…
Kasabach-Merritt Phenomenon
The objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the Kasabach-Merritt Phenomenon. The clinical presentation, laboratory findings, vascular pathology, and pathophysiology are discussed. Overview Kasabach-Merritt Phenomenon (KMP)…
Infantile Hemangioma
Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common soft tissue tumors of childhood. The wide spectrum of disease has made it difficult to predict need for treatment and has made it…
