Bronchiolitis
Pulse oximetry should be performed in every child who attends hospital with acute bronchiolitis Infants with pulse oximetry oxygen saturation (SpO2) ≤ 92 % require inpatient care Decision about infants with SpO2…
Drug Nebulization During Mechanical Ventilation
(7) Department of Respiratory Care, Seattle Children’s Hospital Foundation, Research Institute, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA Educational Goals Understand the basics of aerosol characteristics. Describe the…
Monitoring Interactions Between Spontaneous Respiration and Mechanical Inflations
The equation explains the interaction of between the patient’s generated pressure, P mus, and the ventilator’s generated pressure, P appl. These pressures overcome the resistance (R rs) and elastance (E…
Noninvasive Respiratory Support in the Paediatric Patient
(4) Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Kremlin Bicetre Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Continuous positive airway pressure experience is mostly derived from retrospective…
Post-extubation Stridor
Fig. 36.1 Lateral radiograph of dynamic obstruction during inspiration for a child with subglottic (extrathoracic) airway obstruction from malacia. Notice how the airway caliber gets smaller during inspiration and returns…
Mechanical Ventilation in the Operating Room
Fig. 65.1 Arrangement of the various Mapleson circuits (a–f). The circuits vary based on the site of introduction of the fresh gas flow (FGF), pop-off or airway pressure relief valve,…
Setting the Ventilator in the NICU
Situation Examples Predominant pathophysiological disturbance(s) Mode PEEP* V T range (mL/kg) Considerations regarding ventilator mode and settings Apnoea Preterm infant with apnoea of prematurity Ex-preterm infant with respiratory syncytial virus…
Clinical Use of Nonconventional Modes of Ventilator Support
and David J. Durand9 (8) Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Hospital, 1900 Maryland, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA (9) Department of Physiology and Pediatrics,…
Selective Pulmonary Vasodilators
(3) Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis Children’s Hospital, University of California, Davis, 2516 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA Educational Objectives Understand the regulation and physiologic functions of the nitric…
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure
Complication Comments Oxygenator failure It is unusual for an oxygenator to fail completely, but they do lose efficiency over time Pump tubing (raceway) rupture Only in the roller pump system…
