Pleural Effusions and Pneumothorax
40 Pleural Effusions and Pneumothorax Jason B. Caboot Pleural effusions and pneumothoraces occur as a result of structural and mechanical abnormalities of the pleural space. Abnormalities of the pleural space…
Injury and Trauma
8 Injury and Trauma Sage Myers, James M. Callahan Injury is one of the most important public health threats to children in the United States. Trauma causes more deaths in…
Platelet Disorders
52 Platelet Disorders Jennifer Mangino Platelets are small anucleate cell particles (5-7 µL in volume) that play a critical role in primary hemostasis. At the time of vascular injury, platelets…
Disorders of Red Blood Cells
50 Disorders of Red Blood Cells Howard Topol Red blood cells (RBC) are non-nucleated cells composed of a cell membrane, complex surface glycoproteins, and hemoglobin (Hb). Hb, the major component…
Sickle Cell Disease
53 Sickle Cell Disease Connie M. Piccone More than 100,000 Americans are affected with sickle cell disease (SCD), making it one of the most prevalent genetic disorders in the United…
Fever of Unknown Origin
86 Fever of Unknown Origin Elizabeth E. Foglia Fever is one of the most common signs that prompt parents to seek medical attention for their children, accounting for up to…
Eating Disorders
85 Eating Disorders Levon H. Utidjian, Sara B. Kinsman Pediatricians are well positioned to screen their preadolescent and adolescent patients routinely for eating disorders. With increased awareness, pediatricians can often…
Vasculitis
28 Vasculitis Homaira Rahimi, Pamela F. Weiss Vasculitis is inflammation of a blood vessel, which can occur as a primary process or may be secondary to another disease. For example,…
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
84 Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Oana Tomescu, Sara B. Kinsman Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrinopathy affecting women, frequently presents during adolescence. PCOS is characterized by anovulatory menstrual dysfunction,…
Pharyngitis
35 Pharyngitis Melissa Desai Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the mucous membranes and submucosal structures of the pharynx, including the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx (Figure 35-1). It accounts for approximately…
