Gastroenterology
21 Gastroenterology Chapter map Intestinal disorders are usually acute and infective. They are most serious in infancy, when fluid and electrolyte balance can become dangerously disturbed within a matter of…
Immunization and infections
14 Immunization and infections Chapter map Immunity is first lost (waning maternal antibodies) and then gradually regained, through exposure to infection and immunization. Immunization is a key public health measure…
Urinary Tract and Genitalia
Inspection Translucency – cloudy appearance usually due to chemical deposits (especially in cold, stale urine). Infected urine is usually hazy, and can be cloudy. Colour – Blood may make the…
Respiratory medicine
19 Respiratory medicine Chapter map Respiratory infections and asthma are major causes of morbidity and are common reasons for a child being taken to a doctor or admitted to hospital….
Examination of children
PRACTICE POINT Chaperones As a student, think carefully before performing sensitive or intimate examinations that might cause a child or adolescent embarrassment. It will rarely be appropriate for you to…
Endocrine and metabolic disorders
27 Endocrine and metabolic disorders Chapter map Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is the most important endocrine condition in children. Other hormonal conditions, and inborn errors of metabolism, are relatively uncommon, and…
Cardiology
20 Cardiology Chapter map Most cardiac conditions present as a heart murmur, heart failure or the presence of cyanosis. Congenital heart disease is the most common cause of cardiac problems…
Accidents and non-accidents
at the top of a tower block, without the privilege of an enclosed garden or play space, has a difficult task. By the age of 11, one in four children…
Birth and the newborn infant
There is a greater risk of dying on the first day of life than on any other day (except the last). 7.1 The effects of birth on the fetus 7.1.1…
