Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Fig. 7.1 This is the classical image of PCOS with an enlarged ovary containing an increased number of small follicles around the periphery of the cortex, resembling a string of…
Contraception and Sterilization
Population Incidence per 10,000 women/year General population of women <35 years old 1–5 Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) users 3–10 Second generation progestin-containing OCPs 6 Drospirenone-containing OCPs 10 Pregnant women 5–20…
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
PALM (structural) Polyp Adenomyosis Leiomyoma Malignancy and hyperplasia COEIN (non-structural) Coagulopathy Ovulatory dysfunction Endometrial Iatrogenic Not yet classified Abnormal bleeding can occur during childhood, the reproductive years, and after menopause….
Ovulation Induction
Fig. 16.1 Laparoscopic image of polycystic ovaries after transvaginal oocyte collection 16.2.3 WHO Group III: Hypergonadotropic Anovulation This group includes women with elevated level of gonadotropins such as follicle stimulating…
Fertility Preservation
Toxicity Medication class Medication High Alkylating agents: Cyclophosphamide Chloroethylamine Chlorambucil Mechlorethamine Nitrogen mustard Nitrosurea l-phenylalanine mustard Alkylalkane sulfonate Carmustine Methylhydrazine derivative Lomustine Busulfan Procarbazine Intermediate Platinum complexes Anthracyclines Cisplatinum Carboplatinum…
Female Infertility
Ethnic group Disorder Ashkenazi Jews Cystic fibrosis Tay-Sachs disease Canavan disease Familial dysautonomia Non-Hispanic Whites Cystic fibrosis African American, Mediterranean, Southeast Asian populations Sickle cell anemia, thalassemias Social History All…
Male Infertility
N 5th percentile (95% CI) 50th percentile Semen volume (mL) 1941 1.5 (1.4–1.7) 3.7 Sperm concentration (106/mL) 1859 15 (12–16) 73 Total number (106/ejaculate) 1859 39 (33–46) 255 Total…
Osteoporosis for the Female Patient
Fig. 10.1 Illustration of bone resorption and bone formation 10.3 Diagnostic Tests Diagnosing OP starts with a thorough history and physical, and should include documentation of risk factors as well…
Amenorrhea
Fig. 6.1 Evaluation of amenorrhea 6.2.4 Imaging Abdominal ultrasonography can be used to determine the presence or absence of a uterus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis is probably…
Endometriosis
Fig. 5.1 Sagittal, SE, weighted in T1 with fat saturation. In this image, a small focus of active endometriosis can be observed (arrow) in the posterior uterine serous Fig. 5.2…
