Kyphoscoliosis
Julia Crim, MD
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
Common
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Traumatic
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Burst Thoracolumbar Fracture
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Lateral Compression Fracture, Lumbar
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Lateral Compression Fracture, Thoracic
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Lateral Flexion Injury, Cervical
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Chance Fracture, Thoracic
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Congenital
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Congenital Scoliosis and Kyphosis
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Failure of Vertebral Formation
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Klippel-Feil Spectrum
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Partial Vertebral Duplication
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Tethered Spinal Cord
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Caudal Regression Syndrome
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Idiopathic Scoliosis,
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Scheuermann Disease
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Neuromuscular Scoliosis
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Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
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Idiopathic Kyphosis
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Kyphosis Normal in Infants
Less Common
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Infection
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Pyogenic Osteomyelitis
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Granulomatous Osteomyelitis
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Prevertebral Abscess
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Postoperative Infection
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Tumor
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Osteoid Osteoma
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Osteoblastoma
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Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
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Ewing Sarcoma
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Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
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Syringomyelia
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Neurofibromatosis Type 1
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Connective Tissue Disorders
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Postoperative Spinal Complications
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Diastematomyelia
Rare but Important
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Post-Radiation
ESSENTIAL INFORMATION
Key Differential Diagnosis Issues
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MR may be useful in certain cases
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Painful scoliosis: Tumor, infection
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Atypical curve: Often have underlying bony or neural abnormalities
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Congenital scoliosis: Assess full extent of bony abnormalities
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CT useful to characterize congenital scoliosis
Helpful Clues for Common Diagnoses
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