Weight (kg)
Amount of fluid, D/W 5 % ¼ NS
1–10
100 CC/kg/day (4 CC/kg/h)
10–20
1000 CC + 50 CC/kg/day for wt > 10 kg (2 CC/kg/h)
> 20
1500 CC + CC/kg/h for wt > 20 kg (1 CC/kg/h)
Table 1.2
Volume of maintenance fluid by body weight
Weight (kg) | Volume of maintenance fluid (CC/kg) |
|---|---|
1–10 | 100 |
11–20 | 1000 + 50 (over 10 kg) |
> 20 | 1500 + 20 (over 20 kg) |
Electrolytes
Na
2–3 meq/100 CC.
K
2 meq/100 CC.
Commercially available saline solutions and their sodium concentrations are outlined as follows:
Normal saline (0.9 % NaCl/L): 154 mEq Na+/L.
One-half normal saline (0.45 % NaCl/L): 77 mEq Na+/L.
One-third normal saline (0.33 % NaCl/L): 57 mEq Na+/L.
One-quarter normal saline (0.2 % NaCl/L): 34 mEq Na+/L.
Ringer’s lactate: 130 mEq Na+/L (contains 4 mEq K+, 109 mEq Cl−, 28 mEq bicarb equivalent all/Liter, and 3 mg/dl of Ca++).
A guide for fluid maintenance therapy for term infants and older children is as follows:
Newborn:
◦ Day 1: D10W infused at a rate of 50–60 mL/kg/d.
◦ Day 2: D10W with 0.2 % NaCl infused at a rate of 100 mL/kg/d.
◦ After day 7: D5W with 0.45 % NaCl or D10W with 0.45 % NaCl infused at a rate of 100–150 mL/kg/d.
Child infusion rates:
◦ 0–10 kg: 100 mL/kg/d (4 mL/kg/h).
◦ 10–20 kg: 1000 mL/d + 50 mL/kg/d (40 mL/h + 2 mL/kg/h).
◦ < 20 kg: 1500 mL/d + 25 mL/kg/d (60 mL/h + 1 mL/kg/h).
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