Chapter 625 Orbital Abnormalities Scott E. Olitsky, Denise Hug, Laura S. Plummer, Merrill Stass-Isern Hypertelorism and Hypotelorism Hypertelorism is wide separation of the eyes or an increased interorbital distance, which can occur as a morphogenetic variant, a primary deformity, or a secondary phenomenon in association with developmental abnormalities, such as frontal meningocele or encephalocele or the persistence of a facial cleft. Often associated are strabismus, generally exotropia, and sometimes optic atrophy. Hypotelorism refers to narrowness of the interorbital distance, which can occur as a morphogenetic variant alone or in association with other anomalies, such as epicanthus or holoprosencephaly or secondary to a cranial dystrophy, such as scaphocephaly. Exophthalmos and Enophthalmos Protrusion of the eye is referred to as exophthalmos or proptosis and is a common indicator of orbital disease. It may be caused by shallowness of the orbits, as in many craniofacial malformations, or by increased tissue mass within the orbit, as with neoplastic, vascular, and inflammatory disorders. Ocular complications include exposure keratopathy, ocular motor disturbances, and optic atrophy with loss of vision. Posterior displacement or sinking of the eye back into the orbit is referred to as enophthalmos. This can occur with orbital fracture or with atrophy of orbital tissue. Orbital Inflammation Inflammatory disease involving the orbit may be primary or secondary to systemic disease. Idiopathic orbital inflammation (orbital pseudotumor) Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: Rumination, Pica, and Elimination (Enuresis, Encopresis) Disorders Adolescent Pregnancy Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gonococcus) Blastomycosis (Blastomyces dermatitidis) Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics Expert Consult Jun 18, 2016 | Posted by admin in PEDIATRICS | Comments Off on Orbital Abnormalities Full access? Get Clinical Tree
Chapter 625 Orbital Abnormalities Scott E. Olitsky, Denise Hug, Laura S. Plummer, Merrill Stass-Isern Hypertelorism and Hypotelorism Hypertelorism is wide separation of the eyes or an increased interorbital distance, which can occur as a morphogenetic variant, a primary deformity, or a secondary phenomenon in association with developmental abnormalities, such as frontal meningocele or encephalocele or the persistence of a facial cleft. Often associated are strabismus, generally exotropia, and sometimes optic atrophy. Hypotelorism refers to narrowness of the interorbital distance, which can occur as a morphogenetic variant alone or in association with other anomalies, such as epicanthus or holoprosencephaly or secondary to a cranial dystrophy, such as scaphocephaly. Exophthalmos and Enophthalmos Protrusion of the eye is referred to as exophthalmos or proptosis and is a common indicator of orbital disease. It may be caused by shallowness of the orbits, as in many craniofacial malformations, or by increased tissue mass within the orbit, as with neoplastic, vascular, and inflammatory disorders. Ocular complications include exposure keratopathy, ocular motor disturbances, and optic atrophy with loss of vision. Posterior displacement or sinking of the eye back into the orbit is referred to as enophthalmos. This can occur with orbital fracture or with atrophy of orbital tissue. Orbital Inflammation Inflammatory disease involving the orbit may be primary or secondary to systemic disease. Idiopathic orbital inflammation (orbital pseudotumor) Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: Rumination, Pica, and Elimination (Enuresis, Encopresis) Disorders Adolescent Pregnancy Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gonococcus) Blastomycosis (Blastomyces dermatitidis) Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics Expert Consult Jun 18, 2016 | Posted by admin in PEDIATRICS | Comments Off on Orbital Abnormalities Full access? Get Clinical Tree
