2. A 28 week baby is 10 days old. Abdominal distension has been noted and the following X-ray is obtained.

Figure 7.2.

4. A 37 week gestation baby is noted to have frequent small vomits. At 24 hours of age he is noted to be tachypnoeic and he is admitted to the neonatal unit. A chest X-ray is obtained.

Figure 7.4.

6. A 27 week infant is ventilated for RDS. Ventilatory requirements have increased over the last hour. A chest X-ray is obtained.

Figure 7.6.

7. A term baby is noted to have a degree of frontal bossing, as does his mother. A chest X-ray is performed.

Figure 7.7.

10. A 31 week gestation infant is admitted to the intensive care unit. Mother booked late and there has been minimal antenatal care. The baby needs resuscitation at delivery and is transferred to the unit ventilated. Ventilation proves very difficult and a chest X-ray is obtained.

Figure 7.10.

12. A term baby is thought to have an absent Moro reflex and limited movement of the arm. An X-ray is taken. In view of these changes a chest X-ray is then performed.

Figure 7.12a.

Figure 7.12b.

15. A baby is born at term and is noted to be cyanosed at rest. There is moderate recession. There is bilateral lower limb oedema. Femoral pulses are weak. The anterior fontanelle is bulging and a loud bruit can be heard when listening over it. A chest X-ray is performed.

Figure 7.15.

17. A term infant is born following a severe asphyxial insult. There is thick meconium present and the oro-pharynx and trachea are suctioned under direct vision and meconium is removed. Ventilation is required and requirements steadily increase. At 8 hours of age the pressures are 32/4 and 100% oxygen is required. The blood gas shows a pH of 7.01, PO ₂ of 3.4 and PCO ₂ of 7.2.

Figure 7.17.

19. A term infant is born by elective caesarean section because of previous caesarean sections. Shortly after birth the baby is noted to be mildly dusky and grunting and there is mild recession. A septic screen is performed and a chest X-ray obtained. Antibiotics are started.

Figure 7.19.

21. A 26 week infant is in 0.5 L/min of supplementary oxygen at 36 weeks corrected age. He has mild recession and capillary gases show a fully compensated respiratory acidosis. A chest X-ray is taken as part of a work-up for chronic lung disease.

Figure 7.21.

a. Describe the X-ray.

b. What is the likely diagnosis?

24. A term baby becomes cyanosed 6 hours after birth. Increasing the inspired oxygen concentration only partially treats this. On examination the chest is clear and there are no abnormal sounds. A chest X-ray is obtained.

Figure 7.24.

26. A term infant is born to a mother who is known to have insulin dependent diabetes. He is grunting from birth and oxygen saturations are poor. A chest X-ray is obtained.

Figure 7.26.

27. A 32 week gestation infant has been born. There has been a 10-week history of oligohydramnios. The baby has required ventilation from birth. Blood gases are poor at high ventilation pressures. A chest X-ray is taken at 3 hours of age.

Figure 7.27.

30. A 28 week gestation infant has been ventilated for 12 days. He is now 6 weeks old and requires 0.6 L/min of oxygen. A chest X-ray is taken.

Figure 7.30.

a. What does the X-ray show?

b. What action will you take?

31. A 25 week gestation infant has been ventilated since birth and is now 9 days old. A chest X-ray is taken.

Figure 7.31.

33. A baby is born at 36 weeks to a mother with insulin dependent diabetes. He does not tolerate feeds and abdominal distension is noted. A chest and abdominal X-ray is taken at 36 hours of age.

Figure 7.33.

35. A 25 week gestation infant has been ventilated since birth. Three doses of surfactant have been given with little effect. A chest X-ray is taken at 48 hours of age.

Figure 7.35.

37. A 24 week infant requires ventilation from birth and is now 4 weeks old. He is known to have duodenal atresia but the surgeons do not want to operate until he is a lot bigger. He has been to theatre for a surgical procedure. A chest X-ray is taken to check that the procedure has been performed correctly. The appearance of the right lung is as it has been since birth.

Figure 7.37.