Christopher P. Coppola, Alfred P. Kennedy, Jr. and Ronald J. Scorpio (eds.)Pediatric Surgery2014Diagnosis and Treatment10.1007/978-3-319-04340-1_81
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
Tracheostomy
(1)
Department of Otolaryngology, Janet Weis Children’s Hospital, 100 N. Academy Av. MC 21-70, Danville, PA 17822, USA
1.
Indications:
(a)
Upper airway obstruction that cannot be controlled medically or with alternative means.
(i)
Congenital (craniofacial anomalies such as Pierre-Robin sequence, etc.)
(ii)
Acquired (subglottic stenosis, iatrogenic bilateral vocal cord paralysis, etc.)
(b)
Need for prolonged ventilation (neurologic, cardiopulmonary dysfunction, etc.)
2.
Medical, alternative, preventative and temporizing strategies, depending on etiology.
(a)
Medical:
(i)
Supplemental O2, anti-reflux medications, antibiotics, racemic epinephrine.
(b)
Alternative surgical:
(i)
Microlaryngeal surgery – balloon dilation, debridement, supraglottoplasty.
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