Christopher P. Coppola, Alfred P. Kennedy, Jr. and Ronald J. Scorpio (eds.)Pediatric Surgery2014Diagnosis and Treatment10.1007/978-3-319-04340-1_81
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
Tracheostomy
(1)
Department of Otolaryngology, Janet Weis Children’s Hospital, 100 N. Academy Av. MC 21-70, Danville, PA 17822, USA
1.
Indications:
(a)
Upper airway obstruction that cannot be controlled medically or with alternative means.
(i)
Congenital (craniofacial anomalies such as Pierre-Robin sequence, etc.)
(ii)
Acquired (subglottic stenosis, iatrogenic bilateral vocal cord paralysis, etc.)
(b)
Need for prolonged ventilation (neurologic, cardiopulmonary dysfunction, etc.)
2.
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Medical, alternative, preventative and temporizing strategies, depending on etiology.
(a)
Medical:
(i)
Supplemental O2, anti-reflux medications, antibiotics, racemic epinephrine.
(b)
Alternative surgical:
(i)
Microlaryngeal surgery – balloon dilation, debridement, supraglottoplasty.
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