69 TINNITUS General Discussion Tinnitus is an unwanted auditory perception of internal origin which is usually localized and rarely heard by others. Tinnitus may affect 10–15% of the US population with the prevalence increasing with age. Other factors that may affect the prevalence of tinnitus include gender, race, socioeconomic status, hearing loss, and noise exposure. The most accepted theory of tinnitus pathophysiology is that of outer hair cell damage, resulting in altered stiffness and thus increased discharge rates. When the discharge rate rises above the background level, tinnitus becomes troublesome. The physician’s role is to determine which factors may have led to the increase in the discharge rate and which factors diminish it. Tinnitus is often classified as either subjective or objective. Subjective tinnitus is heard only by the patient while objective tinnitus can be heard by both the patient and the examiner. Objective tinnitus usually has an identifiable acoustic source whereas subjective tinnitus is more commonly idiopathic. Tinnitus can be further classified by whether it is pulsatile or nonpulsatile and can also be graded based upon volume or severity. Unilateral or pulsatile tinnitus is more likely to represent serious underlying disease and generally warrants an evaluation by an otolaryngologist. Medications That Can Cause Tinnitus Aminoglycosides Aspirin Bumetanide Chemotherapy agents • Bleomycin • Cisplatin • Mechlorethamine • Methotrexate • Vincristine Chloramphenicol Chloroquine Erythromycin Ethacrynic acid Furosemide Heterocyclic antidepressants NSAIDs Quinine Tetracycline Vancomycin Causes of Tinnitus Acoustic neuroma Arterial bruit Arteriovenous malformation Head injury Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: ARTHRITIS AND ARTHRALGIA HAIR LOSS HYPOTHYROIDISM TRANSAMINASE ELEVATION Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Instant Work-ups A Clinical Guide to Medicine Aug 17, 2016 | Posted by admin in PEDIATRICS | Comments Off on TINNITUS Full access? Get Clinical Tree
69 TINNITUS General Discussion Tinnitus is an unwanted auditory perception of internal origin which is usually localized and rarely heard by others. Tinnitus may affect 10–15% of the US population with the prevalence increasing with age. Other factors that may affect the prevalence of tinnitus include gender, race, socioeconomic status, hearing loss, and noise exposure. The most accepted theory of tinnitus pathophysiology is that of outer hair cell damage, resulting in altered stiffness and thus increased discharge rates. When the discharge rate rises above the background level, tinnitus becomes troublesome. The physician’s role is to determine which factors may have led to the increase in the discharge rate and which factors diminish it. Tinnitus is often classified as either subjective or objective. Subjective tinnitus is heard only by the patient while objective tinnitus can be heard by both the patient and the examiner. Objective tinnitus usually has an identifiable acoustic source whereas subjective tinnitus is more commonly idiopathic. Tinnitus can be further classified by whether it is pulsatile or nonpulsatile and can also be graded based upon volume or severity. Unilateral or pulsatile tinnitus is more likely to represent serious underlying disease and generally warrants an evaluation by an otolaryngologist. Medications That Can Cause Tinnitus Aminoglycosides Aspirin Bumetanide Chemotherapy agents • Bleomycin • Cisplatin • Mechlorethamine • Methotrexate • Vincristine Chloramphenicol Chloroquine Erythromycin Ethacrynic acid Furosemide Heterocyclic antidepressants NSAIDs Quinine Tetracycline Vancomycin Causes of Tinnitus Acoustic neuroma Arterial bruit Arteriovenous malformation Head injury Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: ARTHRITIS AND ARTHRALGIA HAIR LOSS HYPOTHYROIDISM TRANSAMINASE ELEVATION Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Instant Work-ups A Clinical Guide to Medicine Aug 17, 2016 | Posted by admin in PEDIATRICS | Comments Off on TINNITUS Full access? Get Clinical Tree
