65 SYNOVIAL FLUID ANALYSIS General Discussion Analysis of synovial fluid plays a major role in the diagnosis of joint disease. Several classification schemes have been used to help classify joint diseases. When using classification schemes, it is important to realize that considerable overlap may occur in synovial fluid findings among different groups. In addition, more than one diagnosis may be present, such as a septic joint in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Findings on synovial fluid analysis may be classified as normal, noninflammatory, inflammatory, infectious, crystal-associated, and hemorrhagic. Routine examination of synovial fluid should include: (1) gross examination of color and clarity; (2) total leukocyte and differential counts; (3) Gram’s stain and bacterial culture, both aerobic and anaerobic; and (4) crystal examination with polarizing microscopy. Additional studies may be indicated under certain circumstances and should be guided by clinical suspicion. These studies include fungal and acid-fast stains and cultures, countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis for bacterial antigens, lactate levels, complement levels, and the presence of certain enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase. Suggested Work-Up See Table 65.1 below for the interpretation of findings. Physical characteristics of the fluid • Color Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: ARTHRITIS AND ARTHRALGIA HAIR LOSS HYPOTHYROIDISM TRANSAMINASE ELEVATION Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Instant Work-ups A Clinical Guide to Medicine Aug 17, 2016 | Posted by admin in PEDIATRICS | Comments Off on SYNOVIAL FLUID ANALYSIS Full access? Get Clinical Tree
65 SYNOVIAL FLUID ANALYSIS General Discussion Analysis of synovial fluid plays a major role in the diagnosis of joint disease. Several classification schemes have been used to help classify joint diseases. When using classification schemes, it is important to realize that considerable overlap may occur in synovial fluid findings among different groups. In addition, more than one diagnosis may be present, such as a septic joint in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Findings on synovial fluid analysis may be classified as normal, noninflammatory, inflammatory, infectious, crystal-associated, and hemorrhagic. Routine examination of synovial fluid should include: (1) gross examination of color and clarity; (2) total leukocyte and differential counts; (3) Gram’s stain and bacterial culture, both aerobic and anaerobic; and (4) crystal examination with polarizing microscopy. Additional studies may be indicated under certain circumstances and should be guided by clinical suspicion. These studies include fungal and acid-fast stains and cultures, countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis for bacterial antigens, lactate levels, complement levels, and the presence of certain enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase. Suggested Work-Up See Table 65.1 below for the interpretation of findings. Physical characteristics of the fluid • Color Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: ARTHRITIS AND ARTHRALGIA HAIR LOSS HYPOTHYROIDISM TRANSAMINASE ELEVATION Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Instant Work-ups A Clinical Guide to Medicine Aug 17, 2016 | Posted by admin in PEDIATRICS | Comments Off on SYNOVIAL FLUID ANALYSIS Full access? Get Clinical Tree
