Complications, risks, and consequences
Estimated frequency
Most significant/serious complications
Mortalitya
1–5 %
Failure to remove tumora
1–5 %
Infectionb
Subcutaneous
1–5 %
Wound
1–5 %
Intra-abdominal
1–5 %
Late postsplenectomy pneumonia/sepsis (with vaccination)
0.1–1 %
Chest infection
1–5 %
Bleeding/laceration to aorta, inferior vena cava, mesenteric vessels, and renal vesselsb
1–5 %
Pancreatic injury/pancreatitis/pancreatic cyst/leakage/pancreatic fistulaa
1–5 %
Bowel injury (stomach, duodenum, small bowel, colon)a
1–5 %
Radiation-induced enteritisb
5–20 %
Renal/adrenal injury (incl. contralateral)b
1–10 %
Seroma, lymphocele formation/lymph ascites/fistulaa
Immediate
20–50 %
Prolonged
1–5 %
Small bowel obstruction (early or late)b
1–5 %
Potency, ejaculation problems in malesa
5–20 %
Splenic injuryb
1–5 %
Splenic conservation after injuryc
Prolonged convalescence period
50–80 %
Limitation to activity
50–80 %
Late rupture
0.1–1 %
Postoperative diarrheab
5–20 %
Neurological complications (with pelvic tumors)a (sciatic nerve palsy, neuropathic bladder, leg weakness)
5–20 %
Rare significant/serious problems
Hematoma formationa
0.1–1 %
Bladder injurya
0.1–1 %
Diaphragmatic injurya
0.1–1 %
Subphrenic abscessa
0.1–1 %
Stoma formationa
0.1–1 %
Nerve injury (lumbar plexus or branches, sympathetic chain)b
0.1–1 %
Less serious complications
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