Christopher P. Coppola, Alfred P. Kennedy, Jr. and Ronald J. Scorpio (eds.)Pediatric Surgery2014Diagnosis and Treatment10.1007/978-3-319-04340-1_45
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
Megaureter
(1)
Department of Pediatric Urology, Geisinger Medical Center, 100 N. Academy Av. MC 13-16, Danville, PA 17822, USA
(2)
Department of Pediatric Urology, Janet Weis Children’s Hospital, 100 N. Academy Av. MC 13-16, Danville, PA 17822, USA
Abstract
Megaureter refers to a ureteral diameter that exceeds 5 mm in childhood.
Megaureter refers to a ureteral diameter that exceeds 5 mm in childhood.
1.
Epidemiology:
(a)
Primary obstructed megaureter: 1 per 10,000.
(b)
Megaureter more common in males and has predilection to the left side.
2.
Pathophysiology:
(a)
Megaureter is either of primary or secondary origin.
(i)
Primary megaureter is thought to be a consequence of an adynamic portion of distal ureter usually found at the ureterovesical junction (UVJ), resulting in deficient peristalsis and proximal obstruction.
1.
Pathology reveals increased deposition of collagen type I and III along with decreased smooth muscle fibers in the adynamic ureteral segment.
(ii)
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Secondary megaureter is caused by a different process.
1.
Urinary tract infection.
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