Hydrosalpinx (Chronic Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)

Chapter 132 Hydrosalpinx (Chronic Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)



INTRODUCTION



Description: Recurrent or chronic adnexal infections may result in a cystic dilation of the fallopian tube (hydrosalpinx), which may present as an adnexal mass.

Prevalence: Forty percent of female infertility is the result of tubal damage, including the most severe form, hydrosalpinx.

Predominant Age: 15 to 25.

Genetics: No genetic pattern.


ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS



Causes: Recurrent or chronic adnexal infection. This is the end-stage condition of pyosalpinx.

Risk Factors: Early (age) sexual activity, multiple sexual partners, pelvic inflammatory disease, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs; Chlamydia, gonorrhea), uterine instrumentation (hysterosalpingography, intrauterine contraceptive device placement, endometrial biopsy, dilation and curettage), and douching.


CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS



Signs and Symptoms



• Asymptomatic (most common)

• Vague lower abdominal pressure or chronic pelvic pain

• Infertility

• Unilateral or bilateral cystic masses (often elongated or sausage-shaped)

(Data indicate that a clinical diagnosis of symptomatic pelvic inflammatory disease has a positive predictive value for salpingitis of only 65%.)



DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH



Differential Diagnosis



• Functional cysts (follicle, corpus luteum)

• Epithelial tumors (cystic or solid)

• Ovarian cysts

• Paratubal or paraovarian cysts

• Uterine leiomyomata

• Ectopic pregnancy

• Tubo-ovarian abscess

• Endometrioma

Related posts:

  1. Anemia
  2. Toxic Shock Syndrome
  3. Uterine Anomalies: Bicornuate, Septate, and Unicornuate Uterus
  4. Cervical Cancer

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Jun 6, 2016 | Posted by in GYNECOLOGY | Comments Off on Hydrosalpinx (Chronic Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)

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