Chapter 28 Hematuria
INTRODUCTION
Description: Hematuria is the presence of blood, either microscopically or macroscopically, in the urine. Hematuria is a symptom only and requires further evaluation to establish a cause. Hematuria should be considered an indication of malignancy until proven otherwise.
Predominant Age: Any age, most common in reproductive years in association with urinary tract infections.
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
Causes: Disruption of the uroepithelium by infection, neoplasia (benign or malignant), or mechanical trauma (trauma, stone).
