25 GALACTORRHEA General Discussion Galactorrhea is the inappropriate production of milk from the breast in the absence of pregnancy or beyond 6–12 months postpartum in a nonbreastfeeding woman. The discharge of milk may be unilateral or bilateral, may be intermittent or persistent, and may vary in terms of volume. Galactorrhea may also occur in males and in infants and teenage girls. Distinguishing galactorrhea from other forms of nipple discharge usually is straightforward. The discharge in galactorrhea has the appearance of milk, occurs from multiple ducts in the nipple, most commonly occurs bilaterally, and usually is spontaneous. When nipple discharge is consistent with galactorrhea, the medical history often will reveal the etiology. Important elements of the history and physical exam are outlined below. Medications Associated with Galactorrhea Amphetamines Butyrophenones Calcium channel blockers Cimetidine Codeine Methyldopa Metoclopramide Morphine Oral contraceptives Phenothiazines Prochlorperazine Reserpine Risperidone Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Tricyclic antidepressants Causes of Galactorrhea Bronchogenic carcinoma Chronic renal failure Estrogen withdrawal Heroin use Hypothalamic lesions • Craniopharyngioma • Empty sella syndrome • Pituitary stalk lesions • Primary hypothalamic tumor • Sarcoidosis • Tuberculosis Hypothyroidism Idiopathic Medications Neonatal galactorrhea Neurogenic causes • Breast stimulation • Burns • Chest surgery • Shingles Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: GYNECOMASTIA INFERTILITY, MALE SYNCOPE THROMBOCYTOPENIA Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Instant Work-ups A Clinical Guide to Medicine Aug 17, 2016 | Posted by admin in PEDIATRICS | Comments Off on GALACTORRHEA Full access? Get Clinical Tree
25 GALACTORRHEA General Discussion Galactorrhea is the inappropriate production of milk from the breast in the absence of pregnancy or beyond 6–12 months postpartum in a nonbreastfeeding woman. The discharge of milk may be unilateral or bilateral, may be intermittent or persistent, and may vary in terms of volume. Galactorrhea may also occur in males and in infants and teenage girls. Distinguishing galactorrhea from other forms of nipple discharge usually is straightforward. The discharge in galactorrhea has the appearance of milk, occurs from multiple ducts in the nipple, most commonly occurs bilaterally, and usually is spontaneous. When nipple discharge is consistent with galactorrhea, the medical history often will reveal the etiology. Important elements of the history and physical exam are outlined below. Medications Associated with Galactorrhea Amphetamines Butyrophenones Calcium channel blockers Cimetidine Codeine Methyldopa Metoclopramide Morphine Oral contraceptives Phenothiazines Prochlorperazine Reserpine Risperidone Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Tricyclic antidepressants Causes of Galactorrhea Bronchogenic carcinoma Chronic renal failure Estrogen withdrawal Heroin use Hypothalamic lesions • Craniopharyngioma • Empty sella syndrome • Pituitary stalk lesions • Primary hypothalamic tumor • Sarcoidosis • Tuberculosis Hypothyroidism Idiopathic Medications Neonatal galactorrhea Neurogenic causes • Breast stimulation • Burns • Chest surgery • Shingles Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: GYNECOMASTIA INFERTILITY, MALE SYNCOPE THROMBOCYTOPENIA Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Instant Work-ups A Clinical Guide to Medicine Aug 17, 2016 | Posted by admin in PEDIATRICS | Comments Off on GALACTORRHEA Full access? Get Clinical Tree
