Fig. 1
Meckel’s Diverticulum. The Meckel’s diverticulum is an outpouching on the antimesenteric side of the small bowel. It may contain ectopic tissue and be a source of gastrointestinal bleeding (Adapted from: Raziel, under Creative Commons Share-Alike 1.0 license, via https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diverticule_de_Meckel.jpg. Downloaded 24 Dec 2013)
(ii)
Clinical presentation: The most common presenting symptom is painless rectal bleeding. Bleeding is due to deep ulceration of adjacent mucosa caused by acid secretion from ectopic gastric tissue. Meckel’s diverticulum may also present as intestinal volvulus around the fibrous band attaching the diverticulum to the umbilicus, intestinal obstruction due to ileocolonic intussusception or Meckel’s diverticulitis, which usually presents with abdominal pain, fever, and leukocytosis.
(iii)
Diagnosis: Diagnosis of Meckel’s diverticulum is usually made with a Meckel’s scan, where Technetium-99 (99mTc)-pertechnetate is taken up by the gastric mucosa in the diverticulum. Giving pentagastrin or H2 blocker before administering the radionuclide can increase the sensitivity of the test by increasing the uptake and retention of’99mTc-pertechnetate by the heterotopic gastric mucosa. Ultrasonography or computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis may be helpful and usually demonstrate an edematous, inflamed, blind ending segment of bowel in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen.